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The photos and projects in this brochure are supplied by the Expanded Shale,Clay and Slate Institute . They do not necessarily depict Hydraulic Press Brick projects.
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| Calgary Pipeline * Calgary, Canada |
| Engineers: City of Calgary / Pildysh & Associates Consultants, Ltd. |
 Watermains must be installed below the level of
frost penetration. In Calgary this requires deep, wide trenches. Such trenches are
expensive and often dangerous to workers. The insulating properties of LWA fill allowed
engineers to reduce trench depth from 3.3 meters to 2.1 meters. This provided safer
working conditions and reliable freeze protection with an environmentally "friendly'
material. LWA backfill will also afford easier winter excavation for pipe repair, reduce
disruption of water supply and street traffic by decreasing construction time, and
eliminate the need for synthetic insulating board and wide trenches. With LWA backfill,
present and future savings in capital costs alone are expected to be in the millions.
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| Structure Repair and Rehabilitation |
 * Reduces dead load on existing structures* Easy transportation and installation increase productivity * Precise gradations allow for a uniform and controlled in place density
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| Landfill Drainage |
 * Inert; High chemical stability* Reduces deadloads on pipe * Allows free drainage of leachate/water * Acid insoluble
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| Insulating Backfill |
 * Substantially reduces ground movement-induced stresses on buried pipes and
structures* Counteracts frost heaving, resistsfreeze/thaw cycles and highly insulative * Inert, non-corrosive and stable
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| Runway Repair - Norfolk Naval Air Station * Norfolk, Virginia |
| Engineer: Patton, Harris, Rust & Associates |
 Much of this facility was built on marsh land. Poor soil conditions and
intense traffic loads produced differential settlements and "alligator" cracking
of the taxiway after only 3 years. High soil stability and relief from overburden
pressures were provided by substituting compacted LWA for heavy, unstable soil to a depth
of 4 feet. LWA material was placed at 6 inch lifts and hand compacted with a distribution
vibratory plate. Field compaction and projected yields were monitored using a nuclear
densometer. The compacted base was then paved and air traffic restored in a timely manner.
Differential settlement was economically solved.
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| Fills Over Poor Soils and Marsh Lands |
 *Allows otherwise unusable land to be
reclaimed and developed* Design elevations are achieved with low fill weight * Controlled gradations assure uniform and consistent in-place density * Long-term settlement is controlled and reduced *Controlled fill allowsuniform load distribution
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| Embankment Fill - Louisiana DOT D Test Project *Morgan City, Louisiana |
 Highway embankment fills over unstable soils present particularly difficult
problems. Uneven settlement can produce a "Roller Coaster" ride, as well as
significant maintenance problems. The Louisiana Department of Transportation and
Development constructed a series of roadway test sections with sand fill 9.5 ft. in depth.
In one section, 2.5 ft. of sand was replaced with 2.5 ft. of LWA fill. The reduction in
weight, coupled with the increase in long term stability provided by the LWA's high angle
of internal friction, reduced settlement 40% to 60% as compared to the all-sand fill.
Considerable savings in highway maintenance, repairs and replacement can be realized if
differential settlement is reduced.
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| Underground Conduits & Pipelines |
 * Reduces dead loads on buried
structures* Allows construction of higher fills * Minimizes hydrostatic potential * Provides thermal insulation to underground facilities * Economic alternative to flowable fills |
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